JULIUS CAESAR: was a ruthless ruler of armies throughout Rome.  He gained wealth & power & became ruler of Rome from 49-44 B.C.  He was assassinated in 44 B.C., by enemies who found him to be too ambitious.  Mark Anthony, Caesars most trusted General & Octavian Augustus, Caesar’s nephew & adopted son were involved in his murder.
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AUGUSTUS: ruled well for 56 years.  He restored Peace, he had a standing army to defend his lands, improved the administration, promoted better standards of public & private relations, above all maintained law & order.  Augustus died a natural death in 14 A.D.
The next 4 rulers of Rome were related to Augustus by birth or marriage.
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TIBERIUS 14-37 A.D.: during whose reign, Christwas crucified.  Gaius succeeded him, better known as Caligula.
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CALIGULA 37-41 A.D.: ruled with absolute reckless spending, callous murders, humiliation of the Senate & inept foreign policy.  He was assassinated, which ended the tyranny.
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CLAUDIUS 41-54 A.D.:  He ruled well by enlarging the Empire overseas by incorporating Mauretania, Lycia, Thrace, & annexing Britain.  He was murdered by his fourth wife Hippina, because she was impatient for her 16 year-old son by a previous marriage, to become successor.
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NERO 54-68A.D.:  He is recorded to have been a Vicious ruler.  He murdered his stepbrother, mother, wife, & tutor.  He was the first to execute Christians. Under Nero, revolt flared in Judea, brought on by the cruelty of the Roman soldiers.  Nero committed suicide.
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GALBA: ruled after Nero’s suicide from June 68- Jan. 69. Otho murdered him.
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OTHO:  ruled from Jan. 69 – April 69.  Otho’s army was defeated by Vitellius & Otho committed suicide.
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VITELLIUS:  His army was defeated by Vespasian, who was pronounced Emperor by the Senate on the death of Vitellius.
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VESPASIAN: ruled from 69-79 A.D. during which period his son, Titus brought the bloody war in Judea to an end by besieging, capturing & destroying Jerusalem.  In order to rehabilitate the public financer, ruined by Nero, Vespasian introduced a poll tax on Jews & practiced stringent economies.  He died in 79 A.D
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TITUS: ruled after his father died from 79- 81 A.D. During which time two big tragedies occurred, the volcanic eruption of Pompeii, & the Great Fire of Rome.  Titus died at an early age & his brother succeeded the throne.
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DOMITIAN: ruled after his older brother died, from 81-96 A.D.  He was acclaimed by the Praetorians & ratified by the Senate.  He aimed at administrative efficiency in which he did succeed, but he was disliked by the Senate for ignoring their dignity & was assassinated in 96 A.D.
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